3%) of the 391 pacing leads were replaced. All the procedures were successful; their mean time was 2 +/- 1 minutes.
Conclusion:
This technique is successful and safe in providing vein access using the previously implanted lead, thus avoiding the need to repeat the puncturing of a vein. (PACE 2009; 32:588-590)”
“Study Design. A measurement and analysis of the orientation of the lumbar facet joints at the L4-L5 level of different age groups.
Objective. To explore the correlation between age and orientation of the lumbar facet joints.
Summary of Background Data. Previous studies have Selleck BMS 345541 shown an association between sagittal orientation of the lumbar facet joints and degenerative spondylolisthesis, however, there PARP assay is no information available on the association between orientation of the lumbar facet joints and age. This article studied the association between orientation of the lumbar facet joints and age.
Methods. Three hundred spinal disease-free people coming for periodic physical examination during May 2007 and 2008 in our hospital accepted lumbar computed tomography
(CT) scanning and were randomly selected. All the subjects were divided into 6 groups based on age (group I: <30 years of age, group II: 31-40 years, group III: 41-50 years, group IV: 51-60 years, group V: 61-70 years, and group VI: >70 years of age). CT scans of the lumbar spine were stored in digitized form for measurement and analysis. The orientation of the lumbar facet joints
at the L4-L5 was measured on axial CT scans, and the intersection angle of the midsagittal line of vertebra to the facet line represent the orientation of the facet joint.
Results. The angles of the L4-L5 facet joints to the vertebral sagittal plane of group I to VI are 50.61 degrees +/- 6.55 degrees, 47.05 degrees +/- 7.53 degrees, 46.56 degrees +/- 7.38 degrees, 43.39 degrees +/- 6.19 degrees, 40.95 degrees +/- 7.27 degrees, and 39.89 degrees +/- 9.05 degrees, respectively (P = 0.000).
Conclusion. The coronal orientation of the L4-L5 facet joints was negatively correlated to age (r = -0.456, P = 0.000), which could be one of the explanations that the aging people are prone to degenerative spondylolisthesis.”
“Objective-To identify AP26113 datasheet demographic factors associated with urate urolithiasis in cats and determine whether the rate of urolith submission to a laboratory had changed over time.
Design-Case series and case-control study.
Animals-Cases consisted of 5,072 cats with urate uroliths submitted to the Minnesota Urolith Center between January 1, 1981, and December 31, 2008. Controls consisted of 437,228 cats without urinary tract diseases identified in records of the Veterinary Medical Database during the same period.
Procedures-Information on cat breed, age, sex, reproductive status, and location of uroliths was used to identify risk factors. Changes in annual urolith submission rates were evaluated.