As a first step, the activity protocols and applied statistics of the included validation studies were summarized. From this summary, a first draft of the proposal statements was made, which was the start of an extensive inter-active process of writing, expert consulting and commenting, discussion, and rewriting. This first draft was sent to all authors, most of them authors of the included studies, who agreed to participate (n = 7). Their comments were processed in a second draft, which was discussed in a personal meeting held in Zurich in 2012.The comments and conclusions from that meeting resulted in a third draft. The initiative and the third draft were presented and discussed in a symposium of the first Joint World Congress of the International Society for Posture & Gait Research/Gait & Mental Function (Trondheim, Norway, 24�C28 June 2012,).

The feedback of this symposium was included in the next draft that��after some additional expert consultation rounds��resulted in a final version that was accepted by all authors. The process of writing these recommendations is outlined in Figure 1.Figure 1.Description of the writing process.3.?Results/Recommendations3.1. Persons to be AssessedThe general principle of validation studies is that subjects included must represent the target group. Older subjects are defined as being over 65 years of age, and therefore the persons to be included in validation studies must be aged 65 years or older. Persons in need of a walking aid should be part of a study group, because they represent one relevant sub-population within this group of over 65 years of age.

A detailed description of the individuals must be provided, in terms of:-general information on age, gender, weight, height-co-morbidities-use of walking aids-gait speed-description of gai
Laser scanning, also known as LIDAR, is a surveying technique for collecting a three-dimensional (3-D) point cloud of the reflected objects that uses laser Drug_discovery ranging and detection, scanning, positioning and orientation measurement techniques. Several types of laser scanning systems currently exist, such as: airborne laser scanning (ALS), terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and mobile laser scanning (MLS). Many laser scanning systems are multi-sensoral platforms, and therefore the technical development of sensors and advances in computing technology allow new development possibilities.Forest resource management is one of the main driving forces in the adoption of laser scanning. The first commercial ALS prototype dedicated to topographic mapping was introduced in 1993. Shortly afterwards, ALS was utilized in forest investigations [1�C4]. The rapid development of sensors expedites the research and acceptance of the technique.