For dual species experiments, the aliquots were spotted on Pseudo

For dual species experiments, the aliquots were spotted on Pseudomonas isolation agar (BD) to select for P. aeruginosa and mannitol salt agar (BD) to select for S. aureus. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 16 h and the colonies of microorganisms (CFU) were counted. The CFU/ml was determined using the following formula: CFU counted x dilution HDAC assay factor x 100. Statistical HSP990 analyses Statistical analyses

of the results were done using GraphPad InStat 3.06 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). One-way ANOVA with the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons post-test was used to determine significant differences over time and among treatments. The t-test was used to compare two strains or two treatments. Acknowledgements We thank Guido V. Bloemberg and Ellen L. Langendijk (pMP7605), Alexander R. Horswill (AH133/pCM11), Barbara H. Iglewski (PAO1, PAO-R1, PAO-JP1), Dennis Ohman (PDO111, PDO100), and Matthew R. Parsek (pMRP9-1) for their kind provision of strains or plasmids; Janet Dertien for assistance with the CLSM; and Joanna E. Swickard for critical reading of the manuscript. Strain PW7298::pqsA-lacZ was made available through grant NIH P30 DK089507. References 1. Gibson RL, Burns JL, Ramsey BW: Pathophysiology and management of pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis. Selleck NU7026 Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168:918–951.PubMedCrossRef 2. Rommens JM, Iannuzzi MC, Kerem

B, Drumm ML, Melmer G, Dean M, Rozmahel R, Cole Tenoxicam JL, Kennedy D, Hidaka N, Zsiga M, Buchwald M, Riordan JR, Tsue LC, Collins FS: Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: chromosome walking and jumping. Science 1989, 245:1059–1065.PubMedCrossRef 3. Baltch AL: Pseudomonas bacteremia. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and treatment. Edited by: Smith RP, Baltch AL. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994:73–128. 4. Jiang C, Finkbeiner WE, Widdicombe JH, McCray PB Jr, Miller SS:

Altered fluid transport across airway epithelium in cystic fibrosis. Science 1993, 262:424–427.PubMedCrossRef 5. Hassett DJ, Cuppoletti J, Trapnell B, Lymar SV, Rowe JJ, Yoon SS, Hilliard GM, Parvatiyar K, Kamani MC, Wozniak DJ, Hwang SH, McDermott TR, Ochsner UA: Anaerobic metabolism and quorum sensing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in chronically infected cystic fibrosis airways: rethinking antibiotic treatment strategies and drug targets. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2002, 54:1425–1443.PubMedCrossRef 6. Burns JL, Ramsey BW, Smith AL: Clinical manifestations and treatment of pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis 1993, 8:53–66.PubMed 7. Pier GB, Ramphal R: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. vol. 2, 7 edition. Edited by: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2010:2835–2860.CrossRef 8. Lyczak JB, Cannon CL, Pier GB: Lung infections associated with cystic fibrosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002, 15:194–222.PubMedCrossRef 9.

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