Strains producing highly active glycanases and glycosidases were found. Synthesis of O-glycosylhydrolases was stimulated by addition of laminaran to the nutrient medium. Highly purified

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was isolated from the marine fungus Penicillium canescens. The molecular weight of the enzyme determined by SDS-Na-electrophoresis was 68 kDa. The enzyme displayed maximum activity at pH 4.5 and temperature 45 degrees C. Inactivation half-time of the enzyme at 50 degrees C was 25 min. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase hydrolyzed both beta-glucosaminide and beta-galactosaminide bonds and possessed a high transglycosylating activity.”
“Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients worldwide. Objective: Fludarabine We sought to determine the frequency of viral gastrointestinal infections among Brazilian HIV-infected patients with diarrhea. Methods: A collection of 90 fecal specimens from HIV-infected individuals with diarrhea, previously tested for the presence of bacteria and parasite was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis for the presence of enteric viruses such as astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus groups A, B and C, adenovirus, herpes Selonsertib datasheet simplex virus, Epstein-Barr

virus, cytomegalovirus, and human bocavirus. Results: Twenty patients (22.2%; n = 90) were infected with parasites (11 single infections and nine coinfected with virus). Enteropathogenic

bacteria were not found. Virus infections were detected in 28.9% (26/90) of the specimens. Cytomegalovirus was the most common virus detected (24.4%; 22/90). Coinfections with viruses and/or parasite were observed in 10 (11.1%) samples. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal virus infections were more frequent than parasitic or bacterial infections in this patient population.”
“Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic find more agents and children under five years of age are the target population. Objective: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai – Parana. Methods: Latex agglutination (LA); immunochromatography (ICG); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative staining electron microscopy (ME) tests were used to detect the virus. For the genotyping, RT-PCR and RT-PCR-ELISA were used, respectively, for NSP4 and VP4/VP7. Result: Out of 124 samples there were 69 positive stool samples for RV, for at least one of the used tests, 67 of them being RV group A (RV-A). Overall, most of the RV positive stool samples came from children under thirteen years of age. However, 12 positive cases occurred in patients aged 13 years or above, including an 81-year old patient.