The light source selleck kinase inhibitor in this system is a fiber laser comprising a fiber loop and the sensing FBGs (��1, ��2,�� and ��7), which simultaneously act as cavity mirror. The Bragg wavelengths of the FBGs from FBG ��1 to FBG ��7 were Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries sequentially 1,535.95, 1,538.82, 1,542.18, 1,544.84, 1,547.92, 1,551, and 1,553.87 nm. The average reflectivity and bandwidth of the FBGs were 92% and 0.16 nm, respectively. In the central office, Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries the lasing wavelength of the fiber laser was determined by these sensing FBGs in conjunction with the tunable bandpass filter (TF). The 3 dB bandwidth and insertion loss of this TF were 0.35 nm and 5 dB, respectively. In this fiber laser approach, the coupling ratio of the optical coupler (C) is 90:10. The lasing light from the optical coupler arrives in an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA).

With sufficient gain, the system lases once the transmitted wavelength of the filter equals the wavelength reflected from the sensing FBGs. Thus, the Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries lasing Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries wavelength of the system can be utilized to accurately measure strain perturbation on the FBGs.Figure 8.Experimental setup for proposed fiber sensor system. (tunable bandpass filter (TF), erbium-doped fiber amplifie
In recent years, chloride-induced corrosion of structural steel has caused serious damage to concrete structures all over the world. A large number of harbor bridges, dams, docks and harbor structures have been damaged by chloride penetrating from the surrounding environment, especially in tidal zones and coastal areas [1,2].

The premature failure of coastal concrete structures often causes financial losses that are much higher than the initial construction cost [3], and it has been estimated that these failures Anacetrapib account for more than 35% of the total amount of construction work in Europe.In addition to ameliorating the above economic concerns, in situ corrosion sensors might provide information about service conditions and inform further design requirements. This new branch of sensor technology is largely based on the development of novel electrochemical monitoring techniques, including half-cell potential, linear polarization resistance (LPR), AC impedance spectroscopy, electrical resistance measurements and several other techniques [4�C6]. Each of these sensors or techniques has advantages and disadvantages that determine the environment in which it is used [7�C10].

The LPR method may be the most reliable and valuable technique for addressing the intrusion of chloride in coastal concrete structures, as it allows for in situ assessment of service conditions in chloride-contaminated more concrete [11].Several types of linear polarization sensors have been developed to improve the accuracy of LPR methods. One well-known apparatus, the guard-ring system, was developed to confine the excitation current within a defined area [12]. Unfortunately, this system is less precise than unguarded electrode devices; it has been shown to underestimate the amount of metal loss by a factor of 4�C6 [13].