The lowest concentration of contrast agent that stimulated the maximum effect on fibroblast growth was selected for determination of its effect on fibroblast growth over 8 days. The effect of contrast agents on hyaluronan and collagen synthesis was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Responses were assessed with analysis of variance (general linear model).

Results: selleck The linear gadolinium contrast agents (gadodiamide, gadoversetamide, gadopentetate dimeglumine, and gadobenate dimeglumine) produced a maximum stimulation of fibroblast proliferation at a concentration

of 0.1 mmol/L, with cell numbers increasing up to 2.3-fold. The macrocyclic contrast agents (gadoteric acid and gadoteridol) produced

a maximum stimulation of fibroblast proliferation at a concentration of 5 mmol/L. The reference gadolinium agents (N-methylglucamine gadolinium ethylenediaminetetraacetic BIX 01294 price acid and gadolinium trichloride) stimulated fibroblast proliferation at a concentration of 0.01 mmol/L and were toxic at a concentration greater than 1 mmol/L. Growth curves supported the dose-response observations. Hyaluronan synthesis was stimulated by gadoversetamide, gadobenate dimeglumine, gadodiamide, and gadopentetate dimeglumine at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/L and by gadolinium trichloride at a concentration of 0.01 mmol/L, whereas collagen synthesis was unaffected.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence that different classes of gadolinium chelates stimulate human fibroblast proliferation.”
“We have studied small signal frequency response of a spin laser. We have shown that the response is characterized by two distinct resonant peaks corresponding to the two polarization modes of the spin laser. It is observed that the modulation bandwidth of a spin laser can be smaller or larger than that of a conventional laser depending upon the current bias and spin relaxation time constant. A small value for

spin relaxation constant may not be detrimental for modulation bandwidth. This anomalous observation is explained by considering both the amplitude and phase response www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-680(MK-0457).html of the two polarization modes. A spin laser can act as a combination of low-pass and bandpass filters. The passband frequency range is tunable by external bias. We have also studied the evolution of resonant peaks and modulation bandwidth as a function of spin relaxation time constant. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3556959]“
“Purpose: To evaluate the effect of in utero exposure to a single dose of water-soluble intravenous iodinated contrast medium on thyroid function at birth.

Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board, with waiver of consent, and was HIPAA compliant.